Arabic Elements in Hikayat Bayan Budiman,
the Oldest Classical Malay Text
By A. Jehngoh, Lund University, Sweden 2003.
Malay Concordance Project (MCP) by Ian Proudfoot, The Australian National University, is a large corpus of classical Malay texts (over 1.7 million words and 53 titles, and tens of letters) which can be searched on-line at http://www.anu.edu.au/asianstudies/ahcen/ proudfoot/mmp/mcp. html.
Hikayat Bayan Budiman is the Malay version of a tradition that begins with the Sanskrit Sukasaptati, The Parrot’s Seventy Tales, an Indian work, in which a parrot tells 70 stories in order to prevent a woman from going on the wrong path. These chain stories, like the Arabian Nights, form the crux of the Indian storytelling tradition. An unknown author compiled it in the 6th century AD. It was later translated into Persian during ‘Ala-ud-din Khilji’s time (1296-1316). In this process, Muslim characters replaced the Hindu ones. Versions of this fine collection of popular tales were transported from Persian adaptations that the Malay text was translated. According to the Malay text, this translation was done by a certain Kadi Hassan in 773 AH (1371 AD).
|
Grammatical categories/functions |
|
| 1sg | First person singular |
| 2sg | Second person singular |
| 3sg | Third person singular |
| 1pl | First person plural |
| 2pl | Second person plural |
| 3pl | Third person plural |
| ACC | Accusative |
| ADJ | Adjective |
| ADV | Adverb |
| DEF | Definite article |
| FEM | Feminine |
| GEN | Genitive |
| IMP | Imperfect |
| IMPER | Imperative |
| INTERJ | Interjection |
| MASC | Masculine |
| N | Noun |
| NEG | Negative |
| NOM | Nominative |
| PART | Particle |
| PERF | Perfekt |
| PL | Plural |
| PREP | Preposition |
| RELPRO | Relative Pronoun |
| SG | Singular |
| V | Verb |
| VOC | Vocative |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/functions | |||
| a`uzu .. 1 | citation of religious phrase | ?a’u:dhu | V.IMP.1sg | |
| adam .. 34 | ?a:dam | N | ||
| adat .. 22 | adatnya .. 5 |
‘a:dah | N | |
| adil .. 11 | adilnya .. 2 | ‘a:dil | N | |
| af`alnya .. 2 | ?af`a:l | N pl > fi’l | ||
| afiat .. 1 | ‘a:fiyah | N pl > ‘a:fiyah | ||
| afil .. 1 | ?a:fil | N | ||
| afilan .. 1 | probably the correct word is “afilin” (?a:fili:n) | ?a:filli:n | ||
| afrit .. 32 | ‘ifri:t | N | ||
| ‘afwa .. 1 | citation from Quran; wrong reading in MCP (afwar) | ‘afwa | N.ACC | |
| ahad .. 1 | ?ahad | N | ||
| ahmad .. 2 | ?ahmad | N | ||
| aib .. 2 | aibnya .. 1 | ‘ayb | N | |
| ain .. 5 | ‘ayn | N | ||
| ainama | citation from Quran; wrong reading in CMP (innama) | ?aynama: | ADV | |
| aiyuhal .. 1 | ?ayyuha, al |
VOC INTERJ, DEF |
||
| ajaib .. 9 | ajaib-ajaib .. 4 | ‘aja:?ib | N pl > ‘aji:b | |
| ajal .. 1 | ajalnya .. 2 | ?ajal | N | |
| ajam .. 8 | ‘ajam | N | ||
| akal .. 3 | akalnya .. 3 | ‘aql | N | |
| berakal .. 9 | ||||
| akhi .. 1 | incorrect spelling in the manuscripts of HBB; grammatically correct should be spelled with “?-kh” and read “annawmu ?akhu-l-mayyiti” | ?akh | N | |
| akhir .. 1 | akhirnya .. 3 | ?akhi:r | ADJ | |
| akhirat .. 15 | ?a:khirah | N (ADJ) | ||
| al .. 46 |
all readings of DEF other than al counted together with al | ?al, | DEF | |
| ala .. 4 | ‘ala: | PREP | ||
| alaihi .. 14 | ‘alai-hi | PREP- 3sg.MASC.GEN |
||
| alaikum .. 3 | ‘alai- kum |
PREP- 2pl.GEN |
||
| alam .. 118 | ‘a:lam | N | ||
| alamat .. 4 | alamatnya .. 1 | ‘ala:mah | N | |
| ‘alami .. 1 | ‘a:lami | N.GEN | ||
| ‘alamin .. 12 | ‘a:lami:n | N.PL.GEN > ‘a:lam | ||
| alat .. 5 | alatan .. 1 | ?a:lah | N | |
| alhamdu .. 6 | ?al-hamdu | DEF-N | ||
| ali .. 1 | ‘ali:y | N | ||
| alim .. 1 | ‘a:lim | N | ||
| allah .. 324 | ?alla:h | N | ||
| allahi .. 8 | ?alla:h | N.GEN | ||
| allahu .. 13 | ?alla:h | N.NOM | ||
| alladhi | al-ladhi: | RELPRO | ||
| amal .. 3 | amalkan .. 1 | ‘amal | N | |
| amalnya .. 1 | ||||
| amanat .. 2 | amanatku .. 2 | ?ama:nah | N | |
| beramanat .. 1 | ||||
| amanu .. 1 | ?a:manu: | V.PERF.3pl | ||
| amar .. 2 | ?amr | N | ||
| amin .. 2 | ?a:mi:n | N | ||
| ampun .. 36 | ampuni .. 3 | ‘afu:w | N | |
| ampunilah .. 4 | ||||
| ampunlah .. 1 | ||||
| anasir .. 1 | ‘ana:sir | N pl > unsur | ||
| andalas .. 4 | incorrect reading of <andalus> | ?andalus | N | |
| anha .. 1 | citation of religious phrase | ‘an-ha: | PREP-3sg.FEM.GEN | |
| arab .. 1 | ‘arab | N | ||
| arak .. 2 | ‘araq | N | ||
| arif .. 13 | ‘a:rif | N | ||
| arwah .. 3 | ?arwa:h | N | ||
| asad .. 3 | ?asad | N | ||
| asalkan .. 1 | ?asl | N | ||
| asalku .. 2 | ||||
| asalnya .. 1 | ||||
| asar .. 5 | ‘asr | N | ||
| astaghfir .. 3 | ?astaghfiru | V.IMP.1sg | ||
| astur .. 24 | ?astu:r | N | ||
| asyik .. 10 | ‘a:shiq | N | ||
| awal .. 2 | ?awwal | N | ||
| azab .. 5 | azabnya .. 2 | ‘adhab | N | |
| azal .. 2 | azalnya .. 1 | ?azal | N | |
| azali .. 1 | ?azali:y | ADJ | ||
| azam .. 2 | ‘azm | N | ||
| azim .. 2 | ‘azhi:m | ADJ | ||
| azmat .. 1 | ?azmah | N | ||
| azza .. 7 | citation of religious phrase | ‘azza | V.PERF.3sg.MASC | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | grammatical categories/function | |||
| ba`ad .. 1 | ba’d | ADV | ||
| babil .. 21 | ba:bil | N | ||
| badan .. 10 | badanku .. 4 | badan | N | |
| badanmu .. 1 | ||||
| badannya .. 5 | ||||
| baghdad .. 6 | baghda:d | N | ||
| baiduri .. 1 | baidu:ri | N | ||
| baitulmal .. 1 | compound word | bait, al-ma:l |
N, DEF-N |
|
| baka .. 4 | baqa:? | N | ||
| bala .. 2 | bala:? | N | ||
| balaunaha .. 1 | balawna-ha: | V.PERF.1pl-3sg.FEM.ACC | ||
| baligh .. 2 | ba:ligh | N | ||
| barakatuh .. 1 | barakatu-hu | N.NOM-sg3.MASC.GEN | ||
| basir .. 1 | basi:r | ADJ | ||
| batal .. 1 | batallah .. 1 | batala | V.PERF.3sg.MASC | |
| batil .. 3 | ba:til | N | ||
| bayan .. 382 | bayanku .. 3 | baya:n | N | |
| bedawi .. 40 | badawi:y | N | ||
| berkat .. 19 | barakah | N | ||
| bida`ah .. 2 | bid’ah | N | ||
| bilal .. 2 | bila:l | N | ||
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | grammatical categories/function | |||
| da`winya .. 1 | probably the correct reading of the word “da’wa(nya)” | da’wa: | N | |
| daerah .. 1 | da:?irah | N | ||
| dahsyat .. 1 | dahshah | N | ||
| daif .. 1 | da’i:f | ADJ | ||
| daku .. 32 | ||||
| mendakwa .. 1 | da’wa: | N | ||
| berdakwa .. 1 | ||||
| dalil .. 4 |
dali:l | N | ||
| damsyik .. 12 | dimashq | N | ||
| darwisy .. 26 | darwi:sh | N | ||
| daulat .. 4 | daulatnya .. 4 | dawlah | N | |
| derham .. 13 | derhamnya .. 1 | dirham | N | |
| dinar .. 20 | di:na:r | N | ||
| doa .. 33 | du’a:? | N | ||
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/functions | |||
| fa”al .. 1 | the correct reading is “fa”al” and there is only one word in HBB, not two as mentioned in MCP. The other one is read fi’li | fa”a:l | N,ADJ | |
| faedah .. 7 | faedahnya .. 4 | fa:?dah | N,ADJ | |
| fahisyatan .. 1 | fahishatan | N.ACC | ||
| fajar .. 3 | fajarlah .. 2 | fajr | N | |
| fakir .. 19 | berfakir .. 1 | faqi:r | N,ADJ | |
| fikir .. 19 | fikiran .. 6 | fikr | N | |
| fikiranku .. 3 | ||||
| fikirkan .. 1 | ||||
| fikirlah .. 1 | ||||
| fikirnya .. 3 | ||||
| berfikir .. 32 | ||||
| berpikir .. 2 | ||||
| berfikirkan .. 1 | ||||
| berfikirlah .. 5 | ||||
| berpikirlah .. 1 | ||||
| memikirkan .. 1 | ||||
| falak .. 1 | falak | N | ||
| fana .. 4 | fana:? | N | ||
| faraj .. 1 | farajnya .. 1 | faraj | N | |
| fasih .. 4 | fasi:h | N | ||
| fasik .. 1 | fa:siq | N | ||
| fatihah .. 2 | fa:tihah | N | ||
| fatimah .. 3 | fa:timah | N | ||
| fi .. 2 | fi: | PREP | ||
| fazihatlah .. 1 | fadi:hah | N | ||
| fi’li .. 1 | fi’lnya | fi’l | N | |
| fitnah .. 11 | kufitnahkan .. 1 | fitnah | N | |
| fitnahkan .. 1 | ||||
| fitnatu .. 1 | the correct reding is “finatu” not “fitnahu” as in MCP | fitnatu | N.NOM | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes |
Comments |
Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| ghaib .. 2 | ghaiblah .. 2 | ghaib | N | |
| ghair .. 17 | ghair | N | ||
| ghairat .. 1 | ghairatlah .. 1 | ghi:rah | N | |
| ghalib .. 1 | gha:lib | N | ||
| gharib .. 2 | ghari:b-gharib | ghari:b | N | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/functions | |||
| berhadap .. 1 | hadaf | N | ||
| berhadapan .. 2 | ||||
| menghadapi .. 1 | ||||
| penghadapan .. 5 | ||||
| berhadirlah .. 1 | ha:dir | N | ||
| dihadirkan .. 2 | ||||
| haji .. 1 | hajj | N | ||
| hak .. 1 | haq | N | ||
| hakim .. 29 | ha:kim | N | ||
| halal .. 1 | hala:l | N | ||
| hal .. 64 | halku .. 4 | ha:l | N | |
| halmu .. 2 | ||||
| halnya .. 28 | ||||
| hamil .. 1 | ha:mil | N, ADJ | ||
| haram .. 4 |
haramlah .. 9 | ha:ra:m | N | |
| hasan .. 2 | hasan | N, ADJ | ||
| hasanah .. 155 | N, ADJ.FEM | |||
| hasil .. 2 | menghasilkan .. 1 | ha:sil | N | |
| hasrat .. 3 | hasratku .. 2 | hasrah | N | |
| hasratnya .. 1 | ||||
| hassan .. 3 | hassa:n | N | ||
| hatta .. 118 | hatta: | PREP | ||
| hawa .. 36 | hawanya .. 1 | hawa: | N | |
| hayat .. 7 |
hayatku .. 1 | haya:t | N | |
| hayatnya .. 1 | ||||
| hebat .. 6 | hebatnya .. 1 | haibah | N | |
| helah .. 2 | hi:lah | N | ||
| hematnya .. 1 | himmah | N | ||
| heran .. 19 | herannya .. 6 | haira:n | N | |
| heranlah .. 27 | ||||
| hewan .. 2 | hayawa:n | N | ||
| hi .. 2 | ||||
| hidayat .. 4 | hida:yah | N | ||
| hijab .. 2 | hija:b | N | ||
| hijrah .. 1 | hijrah | N | ||
| hijrat .. 2 | hijrah | N | ||
| hikayat .. 100 | hikayat-hikayat .. 1 | hika:yah | N | |
| hikayatkan .. 5 | ||||
| hikayatkanlah .. 9 | ||||
| hikayatku .. 1 | ||||
| hikayatmu .. 1 | ||||
| hikayatnya .. 18 | ||||
| berhikayat .. 21 | ||||
| berhikayatkan .. 3 | ||||
| berhikayatlah .. 18 | ||||
| dihikayatkan .. 2 | ||||
| dihikayatkannya .. 1 | ||||
| hikmat .. 9 | hikmatnya .. 2 | hikmah | N | |
| hina .. 8 | hi:nah | N | ||
| hindi .. 1 | the prefix “-i:y” is Arabic element | hindi:y | N, ADJ | |
| hisabnya .. 1 | hisa:b | N | ||
| terhisab .. 1 | ||||
| terhisabkan .. 1 | ||||
| hormat .. 3 |
hormatnya .. 2 | hurmah | N | |
| hu .. 1 | “hu” mentioned here is the pronoun that follows “inna” not the one that follows “qul” as is read in MCP; the correct reading is “huwa (hua)” | hu: | PRON.3sg.MASC.ACC | |
| hua .. 2 | huwa | PRON.3sg.MASC.NOM | ||
| hukum .. 26 | hukuman .. 1 | hukm | N | |
| hukumannya .. 1 | ||||
| hukumnya .. 11 | ||||
| berhukum .. 1 | ||||
| dihukum .. 1 | ||||
| dihukumkan .. 2 | ||||
| menghukumkan .. 1 | ||||
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | grammatical categories/function | |||
| ibadat .. 2 | ibadatnya .. 3 | ‘iba:dah | N | |
| ibarat .. 1 | ‘ba:rah | N | ||
| iblis .. 8 | ?ibli:s | N | ||
| idah .. 1 | iddahnya .. 1 | ‘iddah | N | |
| ihram .. 1 | ?ihra:m | N | ||
| ihsan .. 1 | ?ihsa:n | N | ||
| ihwal .. 9 | ihwalnya .. 9 | ahwa:l | N | |
| ikhlas .. 4 | ?ixlas | N | ||
| ikhtiar .. 6 | ?ixtiya;r | N | ||
| ilmu .. 29 | berilmu .. 2 | ‘ilm | N | |
| imam .. 4 | ?ima:m | N | ||
| iman .. 1 | imannya .. 1 | ?ima:n | N | |
| ingkar .. 1 | ?inka:r | N | ||
| inna .. 3 | ?inna | PART.ADV | ||
| insaf .. 1 | insaflah .. 1 | ?insa:f | N | |
| insan .. 2 | ?insa:n | N | ||
| insya .. 36 | consists of two words “in” and “sha:?a” | ?in, sha:?a |
PART, V.PERF.3sg.MASC |
|
| iradat .. 1 | iradatnya .. 1 | ?ira:dah | N | |
| irak .. 2 | ‘ira:q | N | ||
| isa .. 2 | ‘sa: | N | ||
| isim .. 15 | ?ism | N | ||
| iskandar .. 7 | ?iskandar | N | ||
| islam .. 11 | islamlah .. 1 | ?isla:m | N | |
| israt .. 1 | the word is probably a misspelling of the “as-su:?” as the translition and context indicate to | as-su:? | DEF-N | |
| istiadat .. 4 | ?isti’adah | N | ||
| isyarat .. 6 | ?isha:rah | N | ||
| izin .. 21 | ?idhn | N | ||
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| jabbar .. 3 | jabba:r | N | ||
| jahanam .. 3 | jahannam | N | ||
| jalla .. 7 | citation of religious phrases | jalla | V.PERF.3sg.MASC | |
| jariah .. 8 | ja:riyah | N | ||
| jauhari .. 28 | jawhari:y | ADJ | ||
| jawab .. 12 | jawabkan.. 1 | jawa:b | N | |
| jawabnya .. 1 | ||||
| menjawab .. 1 | ||||
| terjawab .. 1 | ||||
| jawi .. 1 | jawi-jawi .. 2 | ja:wi:y | N | |
| jemaah .. 2 | jama:’ah | N | ||
| jin .. 34 | jin | N | ||
| jenazah .. 1 | jana:zah | N | ||
| jenis .. 9 | jins | N | ||
| jumaat .. 10 | jum’ah | N | ||
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| kabul .. 2 | kabullah .. 9 | qabu:l | N | |
| dikabulkan .. 3 | ||||
| kadam .. 4 | qadam | N | ||
| kadar .. 1 | sekadar .. 8 | qadr | N | |
| sekadarkan .. 1 | ||||
| kadi .. 62 | qa:di: | N | ||
| kafarat .. 1 | kaffa:rah | N | ||
| kafatan .. 1 | citation from Quran | ka:ffatan | N.ACC | |
| kafilah .. 40 | qa:filah | N | ||
| kafir .. 11 | ka:fir | N | ||
| kalam .. 5 | kala:m | N | ||
| kalbu .. 1 | kalbuku .. 3 | qalb | N | |
| kalkausar .. 1 | the word use in HBB as a proper name for a river in paradise, it is a missunderstanding of the word in the verse “?inna ?a’tayna: ka al-kauthar” in Quran (ka = you). The correct name is “al-kauthar” | ka al-khawthar | PRO.3sg.MASC.ACC, DEF-N |
|
| kamariah .. 4 | qamari:yah | N | ||
| kamarul’ain .. 3 | The compound form like kamarul’ain (Qamaru al-’ain), Nasruddin (Nasru ad-di:n) and Nuruddin (Nu:ru ad-di:n) are proper names and counted as single words. | qamaru, al-’ain |
N, DEF-N |
|
| kamat .. 1 | qa:mat | V.PERF.3sg.FEM | ||
| kana .. 1 | citation from Quran | ka:na | V.PERF.3sg.MASC | |
| karram .. 1 | citation from religious phrases | karrama | V.PERF.3sg.MASC | |
| katar .. 1 | incorrect reading of the Arabic “qinta:r” | qinta:r | N | |
| kaum .. 7 | qaum | N | ||
| kebulkan .. 1 | qabu:l | N | ||
| keramat .. 5 | kara:mah | N | ||
| kertas .. 2 | qirta:s | N | ||
| khabar .. 13 | khabarkan .. 11 | khabar | N | |
| khabarnya .. 5 | ||||
| dikhabarkan .. 4 | ||||
| dikhabarkannya .. 2 | ||||
| dikhabarkannyalah .. 2 | ||||
| khairi .. 1 | khairi | N.GEN | ||
| khalaknya .. 1 | khalq | N | ||
| khalayak .. 8 | khala:?iq | N | ||
| khali .. 4 | kha:li | ADJ | ||
| khalifah .. 1 | khalifah | N | ||
| khalis .. 16 | kha:lis | N | ||
| khanjar .. 1 | khanjar | N | ||
| khasiat .. 1 | kha:si:yah | N | ||
| khatnya .. 4 | khat | N | ||
| khemah .. 1 | khaimah | N | ||
| khianat .. 28 | khianatnya .. 2 | khiya:nah | N | |
| kisar .. 1 | incorrect reading in CMP. The correct one is “qaisar” | qaisar | N | |
| khidmat .. 1 | berkhidmat .. 1 | khidmah | N | |
| khudd .. 1 | The correct reading of the word is “‘khudh” not “khudd” asin MCP. | khudh | V.IMPERATIV.2sc.MASC | |
| khutbah .. 1 | khutbah | N | ||
| kiamat .. 6 | kiamatlah .. 1 | qiya:mah | N | |
| kias .. 1 | qiya:s | |||
| kiasi .. 8 | qiya:si | N,(ADJ) | ||
| kisah .. 17 | kisahnya .. 3 | qissah | N | |
| kitab .. 4 | kita:b | N | ||
| kopiah .. 10 | kufi:yah | N | ||
| kubur .. 16 | kuburnya .. 5 | qubu:r | N.PL > qabr | |
| dikuburkan .. 2 | ||||
| kudrat .. 3 | kudratnya .. 3 | qudrah | N | |
| kufur .. 1 | kufr | N | ||
| kul .. 1 | citation from Quran | qul | V.IMPERATIV.2sg.MASC | |
| kullu .. 1 | citation from Quran | kullu | N.NOM | |
| kur’an .. 5 | qur?a:n | N | ||
| kursi .. 1 | kursi:y | N | ||
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| lafaznya .. 1 | lafzh | N | ||
| laila .. 1 | laila: | N | ||
| laknat .. 5 | la’nah | N | ||
| la .. 1 | la: | PART.NEG | ||
| laskar .. 1 | laskarnya .. 1 | ‘askar | N | |
| layak .. 3 | layaklah .. 1 | la:?iq | N,ADJ | |
| layaknya .. 1 | ||||
| lazat .. 5 | ladhdhah | N | ||
| li .. 8 | li | PREP | ||
| lukman .. 1 | luqma:n | N | ||
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| ma .. 2 | MCP mentions that there is only one “ma” in the HBB. Actually there is one other “ma” in HBB. The correct reading is “fa”a:lun lima:” and lul (lul) is third sylable of the first word. | ma: | RELPRON | |
| ma`al hayat .. 6 | ma:?, al-haya:t |
N, DEF-N |
||
| ma’rufi .. 1 | citation from Quran | ma’ru:fi | N.GEN | |
| maaf .. 1 | maafkan .. 1 | mu’a:fa: | N,ADJ | |
| maaflah .. 1 | ||||
| madah .. 1 | ma:ddah | N | ||
| madarasah .. 1 | madrasah | N | ||
| madi .. 1 | madhi: | N | ||
| maghrib .. 1 | maghrib | N | ||
| mahbub .. 2 | mahbubku .. 1 | mahbu:b | N.MASC | |
| mahbubat .. 1 | mahbu:bah | N.FEM | ||
| mahsyar .. 1 | mahshar | N | ||
| maimun .. 168 | maimu:n | N,ADJ | ||
| majlis .. 6 | majlis | N | ||
| majnun .. 3 | majnu:n | N,ADJ | ||
| majun .. 2 | ma’ju:n | N,ADJ | ||
| makbul .. 1 | maqbu:l | ADJ | ||
| makhluk .. 8 | makhlu:q | N | ||
| makkat .. 1 | makkah | N | ||
| maklum .. 1 | maklumlah .. 3 | ma’lu:m | N,ADJ | |
| makmum .. 2 | ma?mu:m | N | ||
| makmurlah .. 1 | ma’mu:r | N | ||
| makruf .. 1 | ma’ru:f | N | ||
| maksiat .. 2 | ma’siyah | N | ||
| maksud .. 4 | maksudku .. 2 | maqsu:d | N,ADJ | |
| maksudnya .. 1 | ||||
| bermaksud .. 1 | ||||
| bermaksudlah .. 1 | ||||
| maksyuk .. 1 | ma’shu:q | N,ADJ | ||
| ma’akum .. 1 | citation from Quran; “ta’lamu” in MCP is incorrect reading | ma’a-kum | PREP-PRO.2pl.GEN | |
| malaikat .. 4 | mala:?ikah | N.PL > malak | ||
| malik .. 26 | malik | N | ||
| man .. 1 | man | RELPRO | ||
| manfa’at .. 8 | manfa’ah | N | ||
| mangkuk .. 1 | maku:k | N | ||
| mannan .. 2 | manna:n | N | ||
| mansyur .. 1 | manshu:r | N | ||
| marhum .. 1 | marhu:m | N,ADJ | ||
| martabat .. 3 | martabatnya .. 1 | martabah | N | |
| masjid .. 14 | masjid | N | ||
| masyghul .. 7 |
masyghullah .. 2 | mashghu:l | ADJ | |
| masyghulnya .. 3 | ||||
| kemasyghulan .. 1 | ||||
| masyhur .. 1 | masyhurlah .. 6 | mashhu:r | N | |
| maulana .. 2 | maula:- na: |
N-PRO.1pl.GEN | ||
| maut .. 4 | mautlah .. 1 | mawt | N | |
| mayat .. 13 | mayatnya .. 2 | the number of the word “mayat” reduced to 13 because one of them is “mayyit” | mayyit | N,ADJ |
| mayyit .. 1 | citation from religious literature, mayyit is the correct reading instead of mayat as in MCP | mayyit | N | |
| medan .. 2 | maida:n | N | ||
| mesyuarat .. 4 | mushawarah | N | ||
| mihrab .. 2 | mihra:b | N | ||
| min .. 1 | minq | PREP | ||
| miskin .. 7 | miskinnya .. 1 | miski:n | N | |
| muafakat .. 3 | muafakatlah .. 1 | muwafaqah | N | |
| bermuafakat .. 1 | ||||
| mualim .. 7 | mu’allim | N | ||
| mubarak .. 5 | muba:rak | N | ||
| mudarat .. 2 | madarrah | N | ||
| mufti .. 9 | mufti: | N | ||
| muhabbat .. 1 | muhabbah | N | ||
| muhammad .. 5 | muhammad | N | ||
| mukhalis .. 7 | mukhallis | N | ||
| mukmin .. 1 | mu?min | N | ||
| munkar .. 1 | munkar | N | ||
| ‘mur .. 1 | MCP lists the word incorrectly as “wa’mur” | ?u?mur -or- mur |
V.IMPER.2sg | |
| murtad .. 1 | murtadd | N | ||
| musim .. 5 | musimnya .. 1 | mawsim | N | |
| muskil .. 5 | muskilnya .. 1 | mushkil | N | |
| muslihat .. 6 | maslahah | N | ||
| mustajab .. 3 | mustaja:b | N | ||
| musyarrafat .. 1 | musharrafah | ADJ | ||
| musykilnya .. 1 | mushkil | N | ||
| musyrikin .. 1 | mushriki:n | N.PL.ACC | ||
| musyrikina .. 1 | complete reading | mushriki:na | N.PL.ACC | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| nabi .. 37 | nabi: | N | ||
| nadimnya .. 1 | nadi:m | N | ||
| bernafas | nafas | N | ||
| nafsu .. 10 | nafsuku .. 2 | nafs | N | |
| nafsunya .. 7 | ||||
| nahi .. 1 | nahy | N | ||
| naim .. 101 | na’i:m | N | ||
| nakir .. 1 | naki:r | N | ||
| nasihat .. 3 | nasi:hah | N | ||
| nasruddin .. 8 | look at the comment of “kamarul’ain” | nasruddi:n | N | |
| nasran .. 1 | nasran | N | ||
| nasta’inu .. 2 | citation of a religious phrase | nasta’i:nu | V.IMP.1pl | |
| naumu .. 1 | citation of a proverb | N | ||
| nazar .. 2 | bernazar .. 3 | nadhr | N | |
| niat .. 2 | niatku .. 1 | ni:yah | N | |
| berniat .. 1 | ||||
| nikah .. 3 | dinikahkan .. 2 | nika:h | N | |
| nikmat .. 11 | ni’mah | N | ||
| nujumnya .. 1 | nuju:m | N | ||
| nuri .. 3 | nu:ri:y | N | ||
| nuruddin .. 12 | look at the comment of “kamarul’ain” | nu:ruddi:n | N | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| paham .. 2 | fahm | N | ||
| parsi .. 1 | the suffix “-i” is Arabic | farisi:y | N | |
| qada .. 2 | qada | N | ||
| qatilu .. 1 | Citation from Quran, MCP has wrong reading probably because of the misspelling of the word “qa:tilu:” in
the Quranic verse |
qa:tilu: | V.IMPER.PL | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes |
Comments |
Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| sa’asabila .. 1 | citation from Quran | sa:?a, sabi:la(n) |
V.PERF.3sg.MASC N.ACC |
|
| sesaat .. 3 | sa:ah | N | ||
| sabar .. 11 | sabar-sabar .. 1 | sabr | N | |
| sabarlah .. 7 | ||||
| sabarnya .. 3 | ||||
| sabariah .. 50 | sabari:yyah | N | ||
| sabur .. 147 | saburlah .. 1 | sabu:r | N | |
| safiah .. 36 | safi:yah | N | ||
| sahabat .. 26 | sahabatku .. 3 | saha:bah | N | |
| sahabatmu .. 5 | ||||
| sahabatnya .. 6 | ||||
| bersahabat .. 2 | ||||
| sahib .. 9 | sa:hib | N | ||
| sahlah .. 1 | sahlah | N | ||
| saidah .. 39 | sa’i:dah | N | ||
| saidi .. 3 | sayyidi: | N | ||
| sakar .. 1 | sukkar | N | ||
| salam .. 21 | salamku .. 1 | sala:m | N | |
| salamnya .. 1 | ||||
| salih .. 2 | sa:lih | N | ||
| salla .. 9 | citation from religious literature | salla: | N | |
| sallam .. 10 | citation from religious literature | sallam | N | |
| sanat .. 1 | sanah | N | ||
| sebab .. 74 | sebabnya .. 26 | sabab | N | |
| sehat .. 1 | sihhah | N | ||
| selamat .. 2 | sala:mah | N | ||
| menyembelih .. 5 | basmalah | N | ||
| tersembelih .. 1 | ||||
| bersedekah | sadaqah | N | ||
| selawatkan .. 1 | salawa:t | N.PL | ||
| sadik .. 2 | the correct reading is “sadik”, not “sidik” as in
MCP |
sa:diq | N | |
| menyiasatkan | siya:sah | N | ||
| sifat .. 1 | sifah | N | ||
| siti .. 76 | sitti: < sayyidati | N | ||
| smi ..2 | citation from Quran | ism | N | |
| suhail .. 28 | “sahil” in MCP is incorrect reading | suhayl | N | |
| subhanahu .. 66 | citation of religious sentence | subha:na- hu |
N-PRO.3sg.MASC.GEN | |
| subyan .. 1 | “sabian” in MCP is incorrect reading | subya:n | N.PL | |
| subuh .. 1 | subh | N | ||
| sujud .. 8 | sujudlah .. 4 | suju:d | N | |
| sujudnya .. 1 | ||||
| sultan .. 40 | sulta:n | N | ||
| surat .. 17 | menyurat .. 7 | su:rah | N | |
| tersurat .. 4 | ||||
| tersuratlah .. 2 | ||||
| syafaat .. 6 | shafa:’ah | N | ||
| syahadan .. 1 | shahdan | N.ACC | ||
| syahdan .. 95 | shahdan | N.ACC | ||
| syair .. 5 | bersyair .. 1 | shi’r | N | |
| syaitan .. 1 | shaita:n | N | ||
| syak .. 6 | shak | N | ||
| syam .. 1 | sha:m | N | ||
| syamsiah .. 1 | shamsi:yah | N | ||
| syarahnya .. 1 | sharh | N | ||
| syarak .. 1 | shar’ | N | ||
| syekh .. 55 | shaikh | N | ||
| syukur .. 5 | syukurlah .. 9 | shukr | N | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes | Comments | Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| rabb .. 13 | rabb | N | ||
| rabbi .. 3 | rabbi: | N.GEN | ||
| rabiah .. 1 | ||||
| rabiulawal .. 2 | rabi:’ al-?awwal | N | ||
| radi .. 1 | radi: | N | ||
| rahim .. 5 | rahi:m | ADJ | ||
| rahimmu .. 1 | rahm | N | ||
| rahimnya .. 2 | ||||
| rahman .. 2 | rahma:n | N,ADJ | ||
| rahmat .. 16 | rahmah | N | ||
| raji`un .. 2 | citation from Quran | ra:ji’u:n | N | |
| raka`at .. 1 | rak’a:t | N | ||
| rakyat .. 18 | rakyatmu .. 1 | ra’i:yyah | N | |
| rakyatnya .. 6 | ||||
| ramal .. 23 | ramal | N | ||
| rasul .. 9 | rasulnya .. 7 | rasu:l | N | |
| rasyid .. 25 | rashi:d | N | ||
| rezeki .. 4 | rezekinya .. 3 | rizq | N | |
| ridwan .. 1 | ridwa:n | N | ||
| diriwayatkan .. 1 | riwa:yah | N | ||
| roh .. 1 | ru:h | N | ||
| rum .. 16 | ru:m | N | ||
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes |
Comments |
Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| ta’ajul .. 1 | citation of proverb; found no meaning for the word “ta’ajjuh” in MCP. Probably the word “ta’jjul” is the correct one | ta’ajjul | V.IMP.2sg.MASC | |
| ta’ala .. 184 | citation of religious sentence | ta’a:la | ADJ | |
| ta’maluna .. 1 | citation of Quranic verse | ta’malu:na | V.IMP.2pl.MASC | |
| taat .. 1 | ta:’ah | N | ||
| tabiat .. 11 | tabiatnya .. 1 | tabi:’ah | N | |
| tabib .. 9 | tabi:b | N | ||
| tafahhus .. 1 | ditafahhusnya .. 1 | tafahhus | N | |
| tahani .. 1 | taha:ni: | N | ||
| tahta .. 9 | tahta | N | ||
| taifah .. 31 | ta:?ifah | N | ||
| taj .. 4 | ta:j | N | ||
| takbir .. 1 | takbirlah .. 1 | takbi:r | N | |
| takbirat .. 1 | takbi:rat | N.PL < takbi:rah | ||
| takbur .. 2 | takabbur | |||
| takdir .. 28 | taqdi:r | N | ||
| takjub .. 3 | ta’ajjub | N | ||
| takluk .. 5 | ta’alluq | N | ||
| taksir .. 3 | taksi:r | N | ||
| takzim .. 1 | takzimnya .. 3 | ta’zi:m | N | |
| tamak .. 3 | tam’ | N | ||
| tamam .. 1 | tama:m | N | ||
| tamat .. 3 | tamatlah .. 1 | tammat | V.PERF.3sg.FEM | |
| taqrabu | citation from Quran; “(la)ta’rub(iz)” is incorrect reading in MCP | taqrabu: | V.IMPERATIV.2pl.MASC | |
| tarapnya .. 1 | taraf | N | ||
| tasbih .. 7 | tasbihku .. 1 | tasbi:h | N | |
| taubat .. 9 | taubatlah .. 5 | taubah | N | |
| taufan .. 4 | tu:fa:n | N | ||
| taufik .. 2 | tawfi:q | N | ||
| ta’am .. 1 | incorrect reading in CMP, probably because of the misspelling in the manuscript. CMP mentions that the word is written with “t-w-w-r” The Malay translation of the word which follows the Arabic citation directry is “makanan” (food). The word must be “ta’a:m” and the correct spelling is “t-’-a-m” | ta’a:m | N | |
| tawaf .. 2 | tawa:f | N | ||
| tertib .. 1 | tertibnya .. 1 | tarti:b | N | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes |
Comments |
Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| ukab .. 2 | ‘uqa:b | N | ||
| ulama .. 9 | ‘ulama:? | N.PL < ‘a:lim | ||
| umat .. 2 | ?ummah | N | ||
| umur .. 10 | seumur .. 3 | ‘umr | N | |
| umurku .. 7 | ||||
| umurmu .. 3 | ||||
| umurnya .. 11 | ||||
| usbur .. 1 | citation from proverb | ?usbur | V.IMPERATIV.2sg | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes |
Comments |
Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| wa .. 96 | MCP incorrectly counts “wainna” and “wa’mur” as one single words | wa | CONJ | |
| wajahu .. 1 | Citation from religious literature, incorrect reading of the Arabic “wajha-hu” | wajha-hu | N.ACC-PRON.GEN | |
| wajib .. 3 | wajiblah .. 2 | wa:jib | ADJ | |
| diwajibkan .. 1 | ||||
| wakilnya .. 1 | waki:l | N | ||
| diwakilkan .. 1 | ||||
| waktu .. 7 | waktunya .. 1 | waqt | N | |
| wali .. 8 | wali:y | N | ||
| wasiat .. 2 | wasiatku .. 1 | wasi:yah | N | |
| berwasiat .. 2 | ||||
| waswas .. 2 | waswas | V.3sg.MASC | ||
| wazir .. 12 | wazi:r | N | ||
| wujud .. 1 | wujudku .. 4 | wuju:d | N | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes |
Comments |
Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| ya .. 131 | ya: | VOCATIVE INTERJECTION, | ||
| yakin .. 1 | yaqi:n | ADJ | ||
| yakni .. 3 | ya’ni: | V.IMP.3sg.MASC | ||
| yakut .. 1 | ya:ku:t | N | ||
| yaman .. 3 | yaman | N | ||
| yurid .. 1 | citation from Quran | yuri:d | N | |
| Arabic elements without affixes | Malayized Arabic elements by affixes |
Comments |
Arabic | |
| Original words | Grammatical categories/function | |||
| zabaniah .. 2 | zaba:niyah | N | ||
| zahid .. 9 | za:hid | N,ADJ | ||
| zainab .. 94 | zainab | N | ||
| zainun .. 1 | ought to be “zaitun” as in BR. and A. | zaitu:n | N | |
| zakar .. 2 | dhakar | N | ||
| zalim .. 6 | zalimnya .. 4 | zha:lim | N | |
| zaman .. 6 | zaman-berzaman.. 1 | zaman | N | |
| zamrud .. 1 | zamrud | N | ||
| zill .. 2 | citation from religious sentence | zhill | N | |
| zina .. 11 | berzina .. 2 | zina | N | |
| zuhrah .. 2 | zuhrah | N | ||
| zulhijah .. | dhulhijjah | N | ||
